Hi and welcome, Cornerdnr!
You should update to the latest 2.5.4 as soon as possible. Your Joomla version has a major security issues and a lot of bugs that have been fixed in 2.5.4.
Here's how to update from 1.7 to 2.5:
www.ostraining.com/blog/joomla/how-to-update-joomla-17-to-25/
Once, you've updated, could you clarify your question please? Are you just trying to add a new category for articles? If so, you can do that from admin area >> Content (top menu) >> Category Manager (sub menu).
Kind regards,
Nick